Categories

• Generic.

  Generic software used with platforms

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  Also, see: https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10058 The whole script is as follows: { "variables": { "aws_access_key": "", "aws_secret_key": "" }, "builders": [{ "type": "amazon-ebs", "access_key": "user `aws_access_key`", "secret_key": "user `aws_secret_key`", "region": "eu-west-1", "source_ami": "ami-ca0135b3", "instance_type": "t2.micro", "ssh_username": "ec2-user", "ami_name": "dev-prov timestamp | clean_ami_name" }], "provisioners": [ { "type": "file", "source": "uploaddir", "destination": "/var/tmp" }, { "type": "shell", "scripts": [ "install.sh", "post_install.sh" ] } ] } The following section refers to this article: { "type": "file", "source": "uploaddir", "destination": "/var/tmp" } We are using the file provisioner type, to copy a directory from the relative directory called uploaddir, to the destination /var/tmp on the packer image. The packer output shows this: ==> amazon-ebs: Uploading uploaddir => /var/tmp ==> amazon-ebs: Provisioning with shell script: install.sh Note: When copying files with packer the trailing slash follow rsync rules, if the source has a trailing slash and it a directory called mydir, with a 100 files, and your remote destination is /tmp, the 100 files will be copied to /tmp, and not the entire directory.
• Cloud Platforms

  Cloud Platforms

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  This is the demo application as shown in: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/getting-started.html The previous steps to follow before running this demo application are as follows: How do i setup the pre-reqs for eks - aws kubernetes service? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10388 How do i install linux kubectl for aws eks - aws kubernetes? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10389 How do i install the go programming language on linux? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10390 How do i install the aws-iam-authenticator for aws eks? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10391 How do i create an aws eks cluster using the cli? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10410 How do i configure kubectl for aws eks? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10411 How do i add worker nodes to an aws eks cluster? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10412 How do i enable worker nodes to join my eks cluster? https://www.lightnetics.com/post/10413 If you want to see the code for each kubernetes object view the raw github URL in a browser or use curl e.g: $ curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/guestbook-controller.json Create the Redis master replication controller. $ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/redis-master-controller.json replicationcontroller "redis-master" created Create the Redis master service. $ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/redis-master-service.json service "redis-master" created Create the Redis slave replication controller. $ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/redis-slave-controller.json replicationcontroller "redis-slave" created Create the Redis slave service. kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/redis-slave-service.json service "redis-slave" created Create the guestbook replication controller. $ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/guestbook-controller.json replicationcontroller "guestbook" created Create the guestbook service. $ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/v1.10.3/examples/guestbook-go/guestbook-service.json service "guestbook" created Query the services in your cluster and wait until the External IP column for the guestbook service is populated. $ kubectl get services -o wide Open the URL in a browser to see the guestbook application.
• Linux.

  Redhat, Ubuntu, Centos, SUSE & all Linux Operating Systems

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  Standard format ps -o format User-defined format. format is a single argument in the form of a blank separated or comma-separated list, which offers a way to specify individual output columns. The recognized keywords are described in the STANDARD FORMAT SPECIFIERS section below. Headers may be renamed (ps -o pid,ruser=RealUser -o comm=Command) as desired. If all column headers are empty (ps -o pid= -o comm=) then the header line will not be output. Column width will increase as needed for wide headers; this may be used to widen up columns such as WCHAN (ps -o pid,wchan=WIDE-WCHAN-COLUMN -o comm). Explicit width control (ps opid,wchan:42,cmd) is offered too. The behavior of ps -o pid=X,comm=Y varies with personality; output may be one column named "X,comm=Y" or two columns named "X" and "Y". Use multiple -o options when in doubt. Use the PS_FORMAT environment variable to specify a default as desired; DefSysV and DefBSD are macros that may be used to choose the default UNIX or BSD columns. euser EUSER effective user name. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. The n option can be used to force the decimal representation. (alias uname, user). ruser RUSER real user ID. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. suser SUSER saved user name. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. (alias svuser). fuser FUSER filesystem access user ID. This will be the textual user ID, if it can be obtained and the field width permits, or a decimal representation otherwise. f F flags associated with the process, see the PROCESS FLAGS section. (alias flag, flags). comm COMMAND command name (only the executable name). Modifications to the command name will not be shown. A process marked <defunct> is partly dead, waiting to be fully destroyed by its parent. The output in this column may contain spaces. (alias ucmd, ucomm). See also the args format keyword, the -f option, and the c option. When specified last, this column will extend to the edge of the display. If ps can not determine display width, as when output is redirected (piped) into a file or another command, the output width is undefined (it may be 80, unlimited, determined by the TERM variable, and so on). The COLUMNS environment variable or --cols option may be used to exactly determine the width in this case. The w or -w option may be also be used to adjust width. label LABEL security label, most commonly used for SELinux context data. This is for the Mandatory Access Control ("MAC") found on high-security systems. $ ps -eo euser,ruser,suser,fuser,f,comm,label EUSER RUSER SUSER FUSER F COMMAND LABEL root root root root 4 systemd unconfined root root root root 1 kthreadd unconfined -M Add a column of security data. Identical to Z (for SELinux). $ ps -eM Z Add a column of security data. Identical to -M (for SELinux). BSD format ps $ ps axZ
• Unix

  Solaris, HP-UX & AIX

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  Link: https://h20392.www2.hpe.com/portal/swdepot/displayProductInfo.do?productNumber=HPUXIEXP1131 There is HPE product called HP-UX Internet Express for HP-UX 11i v3, which has a number of open source tools, one of which is sudo. The information on whether you need a license for downloading the software depot is not forthcoming and not easy to find on their website. The product appears to free, but as it is open source not support is provided.
• Virtualization - Containers - Hardware Partitioning

  Virtual Platforms & Containers

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  A liveness command to check the health of an application. It all very well having the container running in a pod but application checks need to be in place too. Let's break down the code below: create a container running the busybox image get it to execute command to create file wait 30 seconds remove the file (to trigger simulate a failure) wait 300 seconds. apiVersion: v1 kind: Pod metadata: labels: test: liveness name: liveness-exec spec: containers: - name: liveness image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox args: - /bin/sh - -c - touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 600 livenessProbe: exec: command: - cat - /tmp/healthy initialDelaySeconds: 3 periodSeconds: 5 Create the pod. $ kubectl create -f livenesscmd.yaml Looking at the events, you can see the pod being creating going into a unhealthy state, and then starting a new container. $ kubectl describe pod liveness Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 1m default-scheduler Successfully assigned liveness-exec to minikube Normal SuccessfulMountVolume 1m kubelet, minikube MountVolume.SetUp succeeded for volume "default-token-fpffp" Warning Unhealthy 33s (x3 over 43s) kubelet, minikube Liveness probe failed: cat: can't open '/tmp/healthy': No such file or directory Normal Pulling 2s (x2 over 1m) kubelet, minikube pulling image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox" Normal Pulled 2s (x2 over 1m) kubelet, minikube Successfully pulled image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox" Normal Created 2s (x2 over 1m) kubelet, minikube Created container Normal Killing 2s kubelet, minikube Killing container with id docker://liveness:Container failed liveness probe.. Container will be killed and recreated. Normal Started 1s (x2 over 1m) kubelet, minikube Started container As well as the Liveness command, there are two other types of Liveness checks, Liveness HTTP Request and TCP Liveness Probe.
• Learn

  Learn New Things

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  Create an exclude list of strings in a file. stringA stringB stringC ... ... $ grep -v -f my_exclude_file my_list_file This will exclude stringA, stringB, and stringC from file called my_list_file.
• News

  News from various vendors

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  Enhancements will be made in this section
• Notebook
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  Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_time A lot of us do not know what epoch means? In this context the definition is: A point of time distinguished by a particular event or state of affairs; a memorable date. It is the number of seconds passed since beginning of 00:00:00 UTC Thursday 1, January 1970 minus the number of leap seconds. This applies to all Unix-like systems.
• Hall Of Fame

  Famous People In Information Technology

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  Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel Obituary post on RFC's by Vint Cerf: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/pdfrfc/rfc2468.txt.pdf Jon Postel (1943 - 1998), For 3 decades RFC Editor, Involvement protocols which made The Internet possible, protocols like SMTP & TCP/IP are very much a part of The Modern Internet. He also the founder of the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Then later, a key figure in the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) "An Internet Pioneer!" Jonathan Bruce Postel. a.k.a "God Of The Internet" by the media. "The Internet should not be managed by any government, national or multinational." "Group discussion is very valuable; group drafting is less productive."
• Comments & Feedback

  Got a question? Ask away!
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  Hello. This area is for comments and feedback about the services & website only.