What are the types of IPv4 addresses?

giraffelife

Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserved_IP_addresses

The IPv4 IP address ranges are split into many types.

Let's start with Private IP Addresses these came about due to the shortage in IP's, they are not routable, meaning they are not used on anything other than the internal (local) network.

10.0.0.0 /8 which range from 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 /12 which range from 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 /16 which range from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

The ISPs routers must discard these IP addresses, they are not allowed on the internet. Network Address Translation (NAT) is used to translate a private IP address to a public IP address.

Loopback IP addresses For testing TCP/IP
127.0.0.0 /8 which range from 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.254

Link Local Addresses For by Windows DHCP to self-configure in case DHCP addresses run out.
169.254.0.0 /16 which range from 169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254

TEST-NET Used for teaching and documentation.
192.0.2.0/24 which range from192.0.2.0 to 192.0.2.255

Legacy Classful Addressing Basically Class A provided more networks and less hosts addressing. Class B was somewhere in the middle and Class C provides more hosts and less networks.

Class A - 0.0.0.0/8 to 127.0.0.0/8
Class B - 128.0.0.0 /16 to 191.255.0.0 /16
Class C - 192.0.0.0 /24 to 223.255.255.0 /24
Class D - 224.0.0.0 to 239.0.0.0 (multicast)
Class E - 240.0.0.0 to 255.0.0.0 (experimental)

Classless Addressing known as Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR). This the most current IPv4 addressing used. It does not use a predefined /value eg. /8 or /24, it can vary.

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) provide the blocks of IP addresses regardless of IPv4 or IPv6. The provide this to the Regional Internet Registries (RIR's)